https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51298 20%) during a reef-wide bleaching event in February 2020 at Heron Island on the Great Barrier Reef. We found that during this bleaching event, rates of NEP and NEC across replicate transects remained positive and did not change in response to bleaching. Repeated benthic surveys over a period of 20d indicated an increase in the percent area of bleached coral tissue, corroborated by relatively low Symbiodiniaceae densities (1/40.6×106cm-2) and dark-adapted photosynthetic yields in photosystem II of corals (1/40.5) sampled along each transect over this period. Given that a clear decline in coral health was not reflected in the overall NEC estimates, it is possible that elevated temperatures in the water column that compromise coral health enhanced the thermodynamic favorability for calcification in other ahermatypic benthic calcifiers. These data suggest that positive NEC on degraded reefs may not equate to the net positive accretion of a complex, three-dimensional reef structure in a future, warmer ocean. Critically, our study highlights that if coral cover continues to decline as predicted, NEC may no longer be an appropriate proxy for reef growth as the proportion of the NEC signal owed to ahermatypic calcification increases and coral dominance on the reef decreases.]]> Wed 30 Aug 2023 15:01:01 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38048 Wed 28 Jul 2021 16:00:54 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45002 Symploca, Scytonema, Porphyrosiphon, Brasilonema, Nostoc, and Gloeocapsa comprised more than 50 % of the species richness at each site and 61 % of the total community richness. In the first study of its kind, we have described the response of cyanobacteria to topsoil stockpiling at various depths and ages. Cyanobacteria are moderately resilient to stockpiling at depth and over time, with average species richness greatest in the top 10 cm of the stockpiles of all ages and more viable within the first 6 weeks, indicating potential for biocrust re-establishment. In general, the resilience of cyanobacteria to burial in topsoil stockpiles in both the short and long term was significant; however, in an arid environment recolonisation and community diversity could be impeded by drought. Biocrust re-establishment during mine rehabilitation relies on the role of cyanobacteria as a means of early soil stabilisation. At J–A mine operations do not threaten the survival of any of the organisms we studied. Increased cyanobacterial biomass is likely to be a good indicator and reliable metric for the re-establishment of soil microprocesses.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 15:14:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45075 Wed 26 Oct 2022 11:44:36 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55376 Wed 22 May 2024 15:15:39 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30179 18O and δ¹³C minima. Periods of lowered recharge are indicated by ¹⁸O and δ¹³ enrichment, primarily affecting δ¹⁸O, argued to be driven by evaporation of shallow soil/epikarst water in this water-limited environment. A hydrological driver is supported by calcite fabric changes. These include the presence of laminae, visible organic colloids, and occasional dissolution features, related to recharge, as well as the presence of sediment bands representing cave floor flooding. A shift to slower-growing, more compact calcite and an absence of lamination is interpreted to represent reduced recharge. The Mairs Cave record indicates that the Flinders Ranges were relatively wet during the LGM and early deglaciation, particularly over the interval 18.9–15.8 ka. This wetter phase ended abruptly with a shift to drier conditions at 15.8 ka. These findings are in agreement with the geomorphic archives for this region, as well as the timing of events in records from the broader Australasian region. The recharge phases identified in the Mairs Cave record are correlated with, but antiphase to, the position of the westerly winds interpreted from marine core MD03-2611, located 550 km south of Mairs Cave in the Murray Canyons region. The implication is that the mid-latitude westerlies are located further south during the period of enhanced recharge in the Mairs Cave record (18.9–16 ka) and conversely are located further north when greater aridity is interpreted in the speleothem record. A further comparison with speleothem records from the northern Australasian region reveals that the availability of tropical moisture is the most likely explanation driving enhanced recharge, with further amplification of recharge occurring during the early half of Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), possibly influenced by a more southerly displaced Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). A rapid transition to aridity at 15.8 ka is consistent with a retraction of this tropical moisture source.]]> Wed 21 Aug 2019 09:48:28 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52613 Wed 18 Oct 2023 13:46:39 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22817 Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:17:02 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17138 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:27:23 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17137 13C enrichment at high altitudes (colder temperatures) and slow drip rates. The results obtained support modelling and laboratory cave analogue experiments that indicate temperature, drip rate, pCO₂ and supersaturation are important factors controlling stable isotope fractionation, but also stress the significance of ventilation and evaporation in the cave environment. It is proposed that the effects on stable isotope ratios observed along the altitudinal gradient can be analogues for glacial to interglacial temperature changes in regions which were extensively glaciated in the past.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:51:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3271 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:44:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1191 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:31:39 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7916 0.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:26:57 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13550 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:20:55 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3269 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:20:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3306 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:13:10 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:418 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:41:32 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3302 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:37:12 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11505 y/B_z)) since this governs the spatial morphology of the currents. The Birkeland current densities were then corrected for variations in EUV-produced ionospheric conductance by normalizing the current densities to those occurring for 0° dipole tilt. To determine the dependence of the currents on other solar wind variables for a given IMF clock angle, the data were then sorted sequentially by the following parameters: the solar wind electric field in the plane normal to the Earth–Sun line, E_yz; the solar wind ram pressure; and the solar wind Alfvén Mach number. The solar wind electric field is the dominant factor determining the Birkeland current intensities. The currents shift toward noon and expand equatorward with increasing solar wind electric field. The total current increases by 0.8 MA per mV m⁻¹ increase in E_yz for southward IMF, while for northward IMF it is nearly independent of the electric field, increasing by only 0.1 MA per mV m⁻¹ increase in E_yz. The dependence on solar wind pressure is comparatively modest. After correcting for the solar dynamo dependencies in intensity and distribution, the total current intensity increases with solar wind dynamic pressure by 0.4 MA/nPa for southward IMF. Normalizing the Birkeland current densities to both the median solar wind electric field and dynamic pressure effects, we find no significant dependence of the Birkeland currents on solar wind Alfvén Mach number.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:29:24 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7905 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:23:15 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:884 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:22:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7906 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:18:53 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3270 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:31:47 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17139 p) rather than the thermodynamic partition coefficient (K_p) to account for the presence of crystalline phosphate inclusions. SK_p describes P enrichment in speleothems regardless of the process, as similar mechanisms of phosphate co-precipitation may be in operation in biotic and abiotic conditions. The most important implication of our study is that variability in P concentration may be related to diverse processes which can be recognized through petrographic observations and chemical mapping. In particular, there may not be a direct relation between an increase in P concentration and seasonal infiltration as has been found in some previous studies, especially if the source of this element is not the labile phosphate released through leaching during seasonal vegetation dieback in temperate climates.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:30:22 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17771 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:25:52 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7915 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:00:58 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11152 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:36:27 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:1526 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:34:00 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:6926 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:32:26 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35580 Wed 04 Sep 2019 12:28:47 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34104 Wed 04 Sep 2019 09:55:06 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54511 Tue 27 Feb 2024 15:40:05 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41756 Tue 21 Mar 2023 18:48:39 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52771 Tue 14 Nov 2023 14:59:49 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35893 Tue 14 Jan 2020 10:59:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43162 Tue 13 Sep 2022 15:35:43 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55494 Tue 04 Jun 2024 15:31:31 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34632 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:31:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34990 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:01:47 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45155 18O records from an updated version of the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis (SISAL) database and palaeoclimate simulations generated using the ECHAM5-wiso isotope-enabled atmospheric circulation model. We show that the SISAL records reproduce the first-order spatial patterns of isotopic variability in the modern day, strongly supporting the application of this dataset for evaluating model-derived isotope variability into the past. However, the discontinuous nature of many speleothem records complicates the process of procuring large numbers of records if data–model comparisons are made using the traditional approach of comparing anomalies between a control period and a given palaeoclimate experiment. To circumvent this issue, we illustrate techniques through which the absolute isotope values during any time period could be used for model evaluation. Specifically, we show that speleothem isotope records allow an assessment of a model's ability to simulate spatial isotopic trends. Our analyses provide a protocol for using speleothem isotope data for model evaluation, including screening the observations to take into account the impact of speleothem mineralogy on δ18O values, the optimum period for the modern observational baseline and the selection of an appropriate time window for creating means of the isotope data for palaeo-time-slices.]]> Thu 27 Oct 2022 14:49:38 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45339 Thu 27 Oct 2022 10:22:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30544 Thu 27 Jun 2019 10:08:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34986 −1 in nitrate yield relative to the watershed with a lower percent of croplands as a result of increased export of nitrate derived from fertilizer. The watershed dominated by poorly drained soils showed increased nitrate removal due do enhanced denitrification compared to the watershed dominated by well-drained soils. Our findings suggest that increased implementation of conservation practices would be necessary for this region to mitigate increased nitrate loads associated with predicted changes in future climate.]]> Thu 21 Oct 2021 12:52:06 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24897 Thu 20 Oct 2022 13:23:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25018 Thu 20 Oct 2022 13:23:13 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38199 Thu 20 Oct 2022 13:19:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38856 Thu 17 Feb 2022 10:28:22 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35254 Thu 04 Jul 2019 14:24:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52128 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:39:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50387 75 % of participant agreement. Results: The consensus DOOR comprised four main dimensions. The primary dimension was patient-reported joint function. The secondary dimensions were infection cure and mortality. The final dimension of quality of life was selected as a tie-breaker. Discussion: A desirability of outcome ranking for periprosthetic joint infection has been proposed. It focuses on patient-centric outcome measures of joint function, cure and quality of life. This DOOR provides a multidimensional assessment to comprehensively rank outcomes when comparing treatments for prosthetic joint infection.]]> Mon 24 Jul 2023 14:12:35 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24999 Mon 17 Jun 2019 14:51:34 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36869 Mon 13 Jul 2020 16:18:44 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43549 18O) variations in cave drip water as palaeorainfall proxies in an Australian alpine karst site. This paper presents the first extensive hydrochemical and δ¹⁸O dataset from Harrie Wood Cave, in the Snowy Mountains, south-eastern (SE) Australia. Using a 7-year long rainfall δ¹⁸O and drip-water Ca, Cl, Mg / Ca, Sr / Ca and δ¹⁸O datasets from three drip sites, we determined that the processes of mixing, dilution, flow path change, carbonate mineral dissolution and prior calcite precipitation (PCP) accounted for the observed variations in the drip-water geochemical composition. We identify that the three monitored drip sites are fed by fracture flow from a well-mixed epikarst storage reservoir, supplied by variable concentrations of dissolved ions from soil and bedrock dissolution. We constrained the influence of multiple processes and controls on drip-water composition in a region dominated by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). During the El Niño and dry periods, enhanced PCP, a flow path change and dissolution due to increased soil CO₂ production occurred in response to warmer than average temperatures in contrast to the La Niña phase, where dilution dominated and reduced PCP were observed. We present a conceptual model, illustrating the key processes impacting the drip-water chemistry. We identified a robust relationship between ENSO and drip-water trace element concentrations and propose that variations in speleothem Mg / Ca and Sr / Ca ratios may be interpreted to reflect palaeorainfall conditions. These findings inform palaeorainfall reconstruction from speleothems regionally and provide a basis for palaeoclimate studies globally, in regions where there is intermittent recharge variability.]]> Fri 23 Sep 2022 08:55:26 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52694 Fri 20 Oct 2023 16:09:14 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30069 d₁₀,d₉₀) and robust for different depths within the profile. For small area-slope regimes (i.e. hillslopes with small areas and/or slopes) only the smallest particles can be mobilised by erosion and the area-slope-d₅₀ relationship appears to reflect the erosion model and its Shield's Stress threshold. For higher area-slope regimes, total mobilization of the entire soil grading occurs and self-organisation reflects the relative entrainment of different size fractions. Occasionally the interaction between the in-profile weathering and surface erosion draws the bedrock to the surface and forms a bedrock outcrop. The study also shows the influence on different depth-dependent in-profile weathering functions in the formation of the equilibrium soil profile and the grading characteristics of the soil within the profile. We outline the potential of this new model and its ability to numerically explore soil and landscape properties.]]> Fri 20 Jul 2018 12:09:06 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53054 Fri 17 Nov 2023 11:50:47 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51542 Fri 08 Sep 2023 14:59:12 AEST ]]>